TRADE-IN.

Presenting a trade-in as money off obscures what the used item was actually worth. Recording both sides means the acquisition can be assessed on its own terms, which is the only way to know whether the program makes money.

A grading standard, applied consistently, is what makes a trade-in offer defensible to the customer and repeatable across locations. Without one it is a negotiation every time.

Traded-in goods are stock with an acquisition cost and a resale route. Treating them as a marketing expense is how a profitable program is canceled for looking unprofitable.

On GRAJ a brand offers a trade-in to a named participant — the item, a grade from the standard above, a quantity and a price — and the participant accepts or declines from their dashboard. Acceptance moves the price from the brand's credits balance to theirs in one ledger transaction, by transfer; nothing is minted, so a brand short of credits is told so rather than covered. The row is the acquisition record: what came back, its grade, and what was paid for it. Once paid, the brand can put it back on sale as a product, and the product carries the trade-in as its provenance.